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Mandarin Orange

Coorg Orange and Kodai Orange

  • Sub tropical climate with an elevation of 500– 1500 m above MSL.
  • A rainfall of about 150 cm to 250 cm is required.
  • The winter should be mild and there should be no strong, hot winds during summer. Deep well drained loamy soils are the best.
  • Soil pH should be between 5.5 and 6.5.

 

November – December.

Seedlings and budded plants

 6 x 6 m, pit size 75 x 75 x 75 cm.

Planting during May – June and Sep – Oct.

Apply twice in a year during June and October.
For Palani Hills

Manures & Fertilizers

I year

II year

III year

IV year

V year

VI year onwards

Kg/plant/year

FYM

10.000

15.000

20.000

25.000

25.000

30.000

N

0.100

0.200

0.300

0.400

0.500

0.600

P

0.040

0.080

0.120

0.160

0.160

0.200

K

0.050

0.100

0.200

0.300

0.300

0.400

 

  • For Shervaroyan hills (for trees above 6 years old):
    Apply 700:375:600 g / tree NPK along with AM fungi (Glomus fasiculatus) @ 1 kg / tree.
    Manures are to be applied in the basin 70 cm away from the trunk and incorporated.
  • Apply micronutrients as suggested for sweet orange.
  • Apply agricultural lime or Dolomite at 4 kg / tree during January – February once in 2 – 3 years.
  • This should not be combined with other chemical fertilizers.
  • Remove water shoots, rootstock sprouts, dead and diseased shoots.
  • Remove laterals of the main stem up to 45 cm from ground level.
  • Basins should be provided for each tree with gradient slope.

1.Nitrogen

Nitrogen

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Dull green, yellowish, smaller leaves. Die back of twigs, thin and bushy appearance of tops with sparse bloom.
  • Vein chlorosis.
  • New leaves are greater than older.
Correction Measure

Foliar spray urea 2% at 15 days interval

2.Potassium

Potassium

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Slower growth, shedding of leaves at blossom tine. New shoots poorly attached to twig.
  • Smaller leaves, twigs die peak, scorching of leaf tips, small brown resinous spots on leaf.
  • Small wrinkled spotted leaves. Small fruits, thin peel.
  • In mandarin – yellowing and bronzing of leaves become twisted, wrinkled and spindy twigs.
Correction Measure

Foliar spray of KNO3 2% at fortnightly interval. Application of 200g N, 100g P2O5 and 200g K2O / tree/year

3.Boron

Boron

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Premature wilting, water soaked spots on leaves.
  • Premature shedding of leaves, bushing appearance curling of leaves, splitting and curling of veins.
  • Fruits with gum spots and lumpings, hand abnormal shape and small. 
Correction Measure

Foliar spray of borax@0.5%

4.Copper

Copper

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Reduced growth and dark green colour of leaves, twin led malformed leaves.
  • New leaves shriveled, bushy growth. 
Correction Measure

Foliar spray of CuSO4 each 0.5% at fortnightly interval

5.Iron

Iron

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Thin leaves with interveinal chlorosis in young leaves.
  • Greein tinge at the base of mid rib. Leaf size reduced. Later the leaves become pale or whitish and shed.
  • Die back symptom older leaves remain green, fruits hand, coarse light coloured.
Correction Measure

Foliar spray of FeSO4 @ 0.5% twice at fortnight interval

6.Manganese

Manganese

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Fine network of green veins as a light green background on young leaves.
  • Leaf remains fairly green.
  • Dark green irregular bands on mature leaves, along the midrib.
  • White spots develop in interveinal area with die back symptom.
Correction Measure

Foliar spray of 0.5% MnSO4 at fortnightly interval

7.Zinc

Zinc

Deficiency Symptoms
  • Irregular and chlorite leaf spots, mottled leaf, small leaves, severe dieback of twigs.
  • The area near midrib and lateral veins remain green.
  • Terminal twigs with narrow small erect leaves. Small, thin skinned fruits.
Correction Measure

Foliar spray 2% ZnSO4 with 1% lime at fortnightly interval

1.Leaf miner

Citrus leafminer | Bugs For Bugs

 Management-

  • Neem seed kernel extract 5% (NSKE)
  • Neem oil 3%

2.Aphids

Aphids in citrus | Agriculture and Food

Management-

  • Neem oil 3%
  • Fish oil rosin soap @ 25 g/l.

3.Fruit sucking moth

The Home Bug Garden: Winter's Coming

Management-

  • Destroy Tinospora weed host.
  • Bait with fermented molasses plus malathion 50 EC @ 1 ml/l.
  • Bag the fruits with degradable polythene bags (150 gauge)
    punctured at the bottom.
  • Apply smoke and set up light traps or food lures (pieces of
    citrus fruits).

4.Shoot borer

Citrus Trunk Borer | Pseudonemophas versteegi ID: Dr. Hemant… | Parag Giri | Flickr

  •  Prune the withered shoots 4 cm below the dried portions

5.Stem borer

Management-

  •  Prune the branches containing grubs.

6.Fruit fly

Anastrepha ludens - Wikipedia

Management-

  •  Collect and destroy fallen fruits.
  •  Set up methyl eugenol trap 0.1% solution mixed with
    malathion 50 EC @ 1 ml/lit between 6 a.m. and 8 a.m.
  • Use degradable polythene bag (150 gauge) fish meal trap
    with 5 gm of wet fish meal + 1 ml. malathion in cotton. 50 traps are required/ha, fish meal + malathion soaked cotton
    are to be renewed once in 20 and 7 days respectively
  •  Neem oil @ 3 % as foliar spray as need based

7.Green scale

Citrus Scale Pests: Information On Citrus Scale Control

Management-

  • Apply carbofuran 3 G 15 g/plant
  • Spray quinalphos 25 EC 4.0ml/l.

1. Powdery mildew-

Powdery mildew in citrus.: Acrosporium tingitaninum ...

Management-
 Apply sulphur dust @ 25 – 30 kg (350 mesh) in the early morning hours to protect new flush or spray wettable Sulphur @ 0.3% or triademefon @ 0.1% three times at 15 days interval.

2.Sooty mould-

Sooty Mold Stock Photos - Free & Royalty-Free Stock Photos from Dreamstime

Management-
 Boil 1 kg maida or starch with 5 l of water, cool, dilute to 20 l and spray
 Avoid spraying during cloudy weather

To increase the fruit retention spray the trees at flowering and again at
marble stage with 2, 4 – D at 20 ppm or NAA 30 ppm.

 Budded plants start bearing from 3 – 5 years after planting while seedlings take 5-7
years.

15 – 20 t / ha / year.